Fluid pressure regulator



Aug. 1, 1933.

F. KISSING El AL ,752

FLUID PRESSURE REGULATOR Filed April 28. 1952 Invewtars Fnerich Kissin Arncid aas Their Attorney,

Patented Aug. 1, 1933 FLUID PRESSURE REGULATOR Friedrich Kissing, Charlottenburg, and 'Arnold Maas, Berlin-Tegel, Germany, assignors to General Electric Company, a Corporation of New York Application April 28, 1932, Serial No. 608,010, and in Germany May 4, 1931 5 Claims. I (Cl. 264-14) The present invention relates to fluid pressure regulators for prime movers and the like, more particularly to the type of regulators which include a pressure responsive device subject to the pressure of a rotary pump which may be driven by the prime moverto be regulated. With such an arrangement anelement of the pressure re-p sponsive device is moved in response to speed,

changes of the prime mover and causes regulation of the latter. An increase in speed of the prime mover causes an increase of pressure due to the increased speed of the pump and vice versa. Oil or like liquid is generally used as actuating fluid for the pump and the pressure responsive device. Experience has shown that these regulat- .ing mechanisms are undesirably afiected by changes in temperature .which cause a change in viscosity of the actuating fluid of the pump. Thus if the temperature increases,,it causes a decrease of the viscosity of oil or like fluid, to the effect that the pump conveys more fluid and effects an increase in pressure in the pressure responsive device.

The object of the present invention is to provide- "an "improved *fluid pressure regulator for prime movers and the like whereby actuations of the regulator due to changes in viscosity or like physical characteristics of the actuating fluid are compensated.

For a consideration of what we believe to be novel and our invention, attention is directed to the following description and the claims appended thereto in connection with the attached draw-' ing which forms a part of our specification.

In the drawing the figure is a diagrammatic view of an elastic fluid turbine provided with a governing mechanism embodying our invention.

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates an elastic fluid turbine having a valve 2 for controlling steam or like fluid supplied thereto,- and an exhaust 3. An electric generator 4 is coupled with the prime mover andconnected to an electric line 5. For the moving valve 2 we may provide heads which normally cover ports 15 and 16 adjust the biasing force of spring 29. stem for piston 28 pivoted to a lever 33 which means 38 for returning the fluid from conduit 36 respectively. 19 is a conduit for supplying fluid to the pilot valve, and 20 and 21 are discharge conduits. The valve heads 17 and l8are secured to a stem 22 which in turn is pivoted to an intermediate point of floating lever 11. This is an ordinary arrangement of an hydraulic motor well known in the art.

Inoperation an upward movement of the pilot valve heads permits oil or like fluid to be supplied to the upper part of cylinder 7 and drained off from the lower part thereof, to the effect that pilot valve permits oil to be supplied to the lower part of cylinder '1 anddrained off from the-upper part thereof, result g in an opening movement of valve 2. W

The motor 6 for moving valve 2 is controlled by'a fluidpressure regulator including a pressure responsive device 23, a pumping means 24 and a" container 25 filled with oil or like actuating fluid 26. More specifically, the pressure responsive device has been shown in the present instance as'including a cylinder 27 having a-piston '28 movably arranged therein and biased in downward direction by a spring 29 provided between piston 28 and an adjustable cover 30. 31 is a screw for positioning cover 30 in order to 32 is a in turn has its right-hand end connected tothe left-hand end of floating lever 11 by means of a link 34. The pumping means 24 has been shown as being directly driven .from the prime mover or turbine. 35 is a suction conduit for the pumping meansjextending' into the oil or actuating "fluid in container 25, and 36 is a pressure conduit for the pumping means connected to the lower part or the pressure responsive device 23. 3'7 is a conduit provided with anadjustable valve to the container 25.

During operation a definite speed of the prime mover causes the pumping means 24 to convey a certain amount of liquid from the container to conduit 36 and back through conduit 3'? to the container. This circulation of fluid causes a definite pressure to exist in conduit 36 and accordingly in pressure responsive device 23. As will be readily understood, the pressure may be regulated by adjusting ,valve 38 in conduit 37.

Also, the actuation of the pressure responsive device may be changed by adjusting the pressure of the biasing spring 29.

The mechanism so far described is typical of any prime mover or like apparatus having a member controlled by a fluid'pressure governor. In operationan increase of speed of the prime mover, in the present instance of turbine 1, causes a corresponding increase of the speed of the pumping means 24 which effects an increase in pressure in conduit 36 and the pressure responsive device 27 resulting in an upward movement of the piston or *movable element of the pressure responsive device against the biasing force of the spring. An upward movement of the piston causes an upward movement of the righthand end of 'lever 33 and the left-hand end of floating lever 11, to the effect that motor 6 causes valve 2 to close as described above.

In order to prevent the pressure regulator to cause actuation of the motor if the viscosity of the actuating fluid for the pressure regulator changes, for instance due to a change in temperature, we provide according to our invention means for compensating the actuation of the fluid pressure governor in response to viscosity changes of the actuating fluid. The compensating arrangement has been shown as including another pressure responsive device 39, a

pumping means 40 for the other pressure respon.-'

means 40 includes a suction conduit 46 'for conveying oil or actuating fluid from container 25 to the pump and a pressure conduit 47 connected to, the cylinder 42 of the pressure responsive device. 48 is a conduit similar to conduit 37 for returning oil from pressure conduit 47 to the container. For adjusting the oil pressure we may provide a regulating valve 49 for conduit 48. As a motive .power source for pumping means 40 we have shown a three-phase induction motor- 50 as being less sensitive with regard to voltage.

fluctuations. for motor 50.

51 is an electric source of supply Under normal conditions of the V actuating fluid pump 40 conveys a constant amount of actuating fluid and thus causes a con stant pressure to exist in the pressure responsive device 39. thereby remains stationary and acts as a fulcrum about which lever 33 turns in. response to actuations by the pressure regulator 23, 24. The two pressure responsive devices, that'is, the actual regulating device 23, and the compensating device 39, are so adjusted that a change in viscosity of the actuating fluid has different ef fects upon them. By way of example, a'certain' and by adjusting the biasing means 44 and 29 so that a definite changein pressure causes piston 43 to move twice the distance of piston The left-hand end of lever 33' 28. The final position of lever 33 due to a certain change in viscosity is indicated by a dotted line. Thus, it will be readily understood that a definite change in viscosity causes the central point of lever 33 to move 1 cm for instance, and

the left-hand end of lever 33 to move 2 cm, to

the effect that the right-hand end remains stationary.

With our invention we have accomplished a simple and reliable arrangement for a fluid pressure regulator which in its regulating action is independent of the change of a physical characteristic of the actuating fluid.

Having described the method of operation of our invention, together with the apparatus which we now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, we desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention may be carried out by other means.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. In combination with a rotary engine, a pressure governor having a movable member and including a pump driven by the engine for controlling the same, actuating fluid for the pressure governor, means for compensating the actuation of the pressure governorin response to viscosity changes of the actuating fluid, said means including a pressureresponsive device connected 'to the movable member of the pressure governor, a second pumping means for supplying actuating fluid to the pressure responsive device, and a constant speed motor for driving the second pumping means.

2. The combination with a prime mover, valve means for controlling the supply of fluid to the prime mover, a motor for moving the valve means, a pressure governor for moving the motor including a pressure responsive device having a movable member and a lever for connecting the member to the motor, a pump driven by the prime mover for forcing actuating fluid into the pressure responsive device, and means connected to the lever for rendering movement of the lever ineffective in response to viscosity changes of the actuating fluid.

3.-In combination with a prime mover having valve means for controlling the supply of fluid thereto, a motor for moving the valve means, a fluid pressure regulator including a pumping means driven by the prime mover, actuating fluid for the pumping means, a pressure responsive device, a lever mechanism for actuating the motor in response to movement of the pressure respon sivedevice including a lever having its central point connected to an element of the pressure responsive device, and means for preventing actuation of the motor in response to viscosity changes of the actuating fluid, said means includinganother pressure responsive device having an element connected to one end of said lever and adapted to move twice the distance of the element of the first named pressure responsive device in response to a certain change in viscosity of the actuating fluid, another pumping means for supplying actuating fluid to the other pressure responsive device and a motor for driving the other pumping means with substantially constant speed.

4. In combination with a rotary engine havlng regulating means, a pressure governor including a pump driven by the engine for controlling the regulating means in response to the speed change of the engine, actuating fluid for the pressure governor, said pressure governor including a lever having a variable fulcrum for transferring movement from the pressure governor to the control means, and means for varying the fulcrum to render inefiective movement of the lever in response to viscosity changes of the actuating fluid.

5. In combination with a rotary engine, regulating means and a pressure governor for controlling the supply of actuating fluid to the engine in terms of speed changes of the engine, said governor comprising a lever connected to the regulating means, a pressure responsive device having a movable member connected to the. lever and a pump driven by the engine and having a discharge conduit connected to the pressure responsive device, a second pressure responsive device having a movable member connected to the lever, a second pump having a discharge conduit connected to the second pressure responsive device, a constant speed motor for driving the second pump, an inlet conduit for each of said pumps and a tank containing an operating fluid for the two pumps, the second pressure responsive device causing movement of the lever in response to viscosity changes-0f the operating'fluid to prevent efiective movement of the lever by the first named pressure responsive device with a change of the viscosity of the operating fluid for the pumps.

FRIEDRICH KISSING.

ARNOLD MAAS. 

